簡介
IPCE
光電光譜儀可作為一種科學工具，自動分析由 UV、VIS 和 NIR 範圍內相對強光照射的寬能隙（Wide Band-gap）半導體的光電特性（光電流、光電壓），作為入射光波長的函數。
為了在許多應用中近似太陽光，我們提供空氣過濾器的應用。這些濾光器改變了弧光燈的光譜輸出，以模仿自然的太陽光條件。
描述
光電光譜儀可作為一種科學工具，自動分析由 UV、VIS 和 NIR 範圍內相對強光照射的寬能隙（Wide Band-gap）半導體的光電特性（光電流、光電壓），作為入射光波長的函數。
為了在許多應用中近似太陽光，我們提供空氣過濾器的應用。這些濾光器改變了弧光燈的光譜輸出，以模仿自然的太陽光條件。
測量參數
- 樣品中的電流（Chronoamperometry, CA）
- 開路電位（OCP）
- 用白光或單色光照射樣品時的光電流
- 電流-電壓特性
- 樣品的透光率（帶校正器）
- 樣品上的光強度（帶校正器）
- 開路電位 (OCP) 作為光波長的函數
- 作用圖（光電流作為電位和波長的函數）
- 作為電位和波長函數的IPCE圖
- 樣品反射率（帶積分球）
- APCE（吸收的光子到轉換的電子）圖為電位和波長函數
- 照明下的電流-電壓特性
- 樣品的功函數(work function)（帶開爾文探針）
- 樣品在照明下的功函數 (work function)（帶開爾文探針）
先進的光譜儀軟體可以直接記錄連續波和脈衝模式下恆定波長的光電流作用光譜、光電壓作用光譜以及動電位和動電流測量。
它還提供了入射光子與轉換電子（IPCE）的比率，並通過積分球提供了吸收光子與轉換電子（APCE）的比率，作為波長和偏置電位的函數。
此外，該裝置可與其他探測器耦合，包括開爾文探針、電導率探針等。該裝置的控制器負責發射光波長、曝光時間、適當的光邊濾光片處理和與恒電位儀同步。
單色儀配有兩個可切換光栅，以均勻地覆蓋寬光譜。在大多數光譜範圍內，光功率超過10mw/cm2。
系統組成
光譜儀已準備好與附屬設備連接，如恆電位儀、開爾文探針、用於鎖定放大測量的同步光斬波器、旋轉圓盤電極、電磁閥、LED 照明器、磁力攪拌器、自動移液器、溫度控制器等。
這些附屬設備，包括恒電位儀 ...可以直接從 Instytut Fotonowy 訂購。
下面顯示的參數是目前生產的硬體典型參數。如有必要，所有這些都可以根據特定要求進行定制。
1.光源：Xe 150 W，水冷，帶低電磁發射點火器。
2.穩定模式：電流穩定 (失真<1％)，、功耗穩定和光強度穩定模式，在實驗過程中保持樣品的照度恒定。
3. 兩個光柵系統：1200 grooves/mm，具有 300 nm 炫耀波長 ( blaze wavelength )和 500 nm 炫耀波長 ( blaze wavelength )。
4.最大光功率密度：35mW / cm2。
5.邊緣（長通）濾光片：400 nm 和 510 nm。
6. 最多可6 個過濾器。
7. 與外部設備同步的I/O可程式設計TTL線數量：16。
8. 傳輸：USB 2.0
光電光譜儀的典型光強輸出
在下圖，150 W 氙氣燈和兩個 1200 gr/mm 光柵產生的典型光強度：針對 300 nm 和 500 nm 進行了最佳效率。
DESCRIPTION
The photoelectric spectrometer serves as a scientific tool to automatically characterize photoelectrical properties (photocurrent, photovoltage) of wide band gap semiconductors illuminated by relatively strong light in UV, VIS and NIR ranges as a function of incident light wavelength.
To approximate solar light for many applications we offer Air Mass Filters. These filters modify the spectral output of the arc lamp to mimic natural solar conditions.
Quantities measured by the instrument
- electric current in the sample (chronoamperometry, CA)
- open circuit potential (OCP)
- photocurrent do the sample illumination with white or monochromatic light
- current-voltage characteristics
- light transmittance of the sample (with calibrator)
- light intensity on the sample (with calibrator)
- open circuit potential (OCP) as a function of light wavelength
- action maps (photocurrent as a function of potential and wavelength)
- IPCE maps as functions of potential and wavelength
- sample reflectance (with integrating sphere)
- APCE (Absorbed Photons to Converted Electrons) maps as potential and wavelength function
- current-voltage characteristics under illumination
- work function of a sample (with Kelvin probe)
- work function of a sample under illumination (with Kelvin probe)
Advanced software of the spectrometer allows for straightforward recording of photocurrent action spectra, photovoltage action spectra along with potentiodynamic and galvanodynamic measurements at constant wavelenght both in CW and pulsed mode. It also provides Incident Photon to Converted Electron (IPCE) ratio and, with integrating sphere, Absorbed Photon to Converted Electron (APCE) ratio as a function of wavelength and bias potential.
Furthermore, the device can be coupled with other detectors, including Kelvin probes, conductivity probes, etc. The devices’ controller takes care of emitted light wavelength, exposition times, proper light edge filters handling and synchronization with a potentiostat.
The monochromator is equipped with two switchable gratings to uniformly cover a wide light spectrum. The light power exceeds 10 mW/cm2) in most of the spectral range.
The spectrometer is ready to be connected with peripherial devices like potentiostats, Kelvin probes, synchronous light choppers for lock-in amplified measurements, rotating disk electrodes, electromagnetic valves, LED illuminators, magnetic stirrers, automatic pipettes, temperature controllers, etc.
Many of those peripherials, potentiostats included, can be directly ordered from Instytut Fotonowy.
The parameters shown beneath are typical for the devices produced so far. All of them can be tailored to specific requirements if necessary.
- Light source: Xe 150 W, water cooled, with low EM emission igniter
- stabilization modes: current stabilization (distortions < 1%), power consumption stabilization and light intensity stabilization mode that keeps the illumination of a sample constant during the experiment.
- Two gratings system: 1200 grooves/mm with 300 nm blaze wavelength and 500 nm blaze wavelength
- Maximal light power density: 35 mW/cm2
- Edge (long pass) filters: 400 nm and 510 nm
- Up to 6 filters possible
- Number of I/O programmable TTL lines for synchronization with external devices: 16
- Connectivity: USB 2.0
Typical light intensity output of the photoelectric spectrometer.
The light intensity produced by the photoelectric spectrometer varies with the wavelength (top plot) and with slit opening (bottom plot).
In the picture, a typical light intensity generated with 150 W xenon lamp and two 1200 gr/mm gratings: optimized for 300 nm and for 500 nm.